The ischiofemoral ligament is one of the lesser discussed yet vital ligaments contributing to the stabilization of the hip joint. It plays a specific role in restricting certain hip movements, aiding in the joint’s overall stability.
Location
This ligament is located posteriorly, attaching the ischium (part of the pelvis) to the femur.
Structure
Morphology: The ischiofemoral ligament arises from the posterior part of the body of the ischium, just superior to the ischial tuberosity, and spirals superolaterally to its insertion on the femur. It attaches medially to the area immediately behind the acetabulum and laterally to the inner part of the greater trochanter of the femur.
Composition: It’s composed of strong, intertwined fibers that spiral in their course, contributing to the ligament’s elastic properties.
Function
- Stabilization: While it’s not as robust as the iliofemoral ligament, the ischiofemoral ligament plays a crucial role in posterior stabilization of the hip joint.
- Movement Regulation: It restricts excessive internal rotation of the hip. Additionally, it aids in limiting hip adduction and extension.
Clinical significance
The ischiofemoral ligament holds clinical importance primarily in its contribution to the hip joint’s stability and its potential role in certain hip pathologies. Ischiofemoral impingement, a less common form of hip impingement, arises when there’s a narrowed space between the ischial tuberosity and the lesser trochanter of the femur, leading to ligament irritation. Patients with this impingement often present with posterior hip pain, especially during hip extension or external rotation. This condition might be aggravated after prolonged sitting or activities requiring hip motion. Notably, imaging studies have shown a relationship between decreased ischiofemoral space and hip pain in some patients. Moreover, any injury or laxity to the ischiofemoral ligament could lead to decreased posterior hip stability. In cases of hip surgeries, preserving the integrity of this ligament becomes crucial, particularly in surgeries aiming to rectify structural abnormalities or during hip replacement procedures.
