The pubofemoral ligament is one of the essential ligaments providing stability to the hip joint. Its strategic orientation restricts specific motions, playing a crucial role in the biomechanics of the hip.
Location
This ligament stretches from the anterior and inferior aspects of the pubic bone to the femur.
Structure
- Morphology: Originating from the obturator crest and the superior ramus of the pubis, the pubofemoral ligament extends inferolaterally to merge with the fibrous capsule of the hip joint and attaches to the iliopubic eminence, the rim of the acetabulum, and the neck of the femur.
- Composition: Made up of strong, fibrous connective tissue, the pubofemoral ligament reinforces the inferior and anterior part of the joint capsule.
Function
- Stabilization: The ligament aids in bolstering the anterior aspect of the hip joint, thus providing added stability.
- Movement Regulation: Its primary function is to restrict excessive abduction and external rotation of the hip, ensuring controlled movement within physiological limits.
Clinical significance
The clinical significance of the pubofemoral ligament lies predominantly in its contribution to hip joint stability and its potential involvement in hip dysfunctions. As it reinforces the anterior and inferior parts of the hip joint capsule, injuries or laxity to the pubofemoral ligament can compromise anterior hip stability. This might predispose individuals to anterior hip subluxations or exacerbate conditions like hip labral tears due to abnormal joint mechanics. Conditions such as developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) might alter the ligament’s tension and contribute to hip instability in the long run. Furthermore, during hip arthroscopy or open hip procedures, the integrity and tension of this ligament can be a focal point, as any surgical alteration can impact the joint’s biomechanics. For athletes, especially those in sports demanding extensive leg abduction or external rotation (e.g., ballet dancers or martial artists), the ligament may be at risk for strains.
