Intermediate Adrenal Medulla Quiz
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This quiz contains 10 questions. Click below to begin.
Q1. Which neurotransmitter is released by preganglionic sympathetic fibers onto adrenal chromaffin cells?
- Norepinephrine
- Dopamine
- Cortisol
- Acetylcholine
Q2. Which receptor type on chromaffin cells mediates direct preganglionic sympathetic stimulation?
- Mineralocorticoid receptors
- Muscarinic receptors exclusively
- Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
- Beta-2 adrenergic receptors only
Q3. Through which nerves do preganglionic sympathetic fibers reach the adrenal medulla?
- Phrenic nerves exclusively
- Thoracic splanchnic nerves
- Vagus nerves exclusively
- Pelvic splanchnic nerves
Q4. What is unusual about the sympathetic pathway to the adrenal medulla?
- All fibers synapse first in the celiac ganglion
- Only postganglionic fibers enter the gland
- The pathway is entirely parasympathetic
- Preganglionic fibers reach chromaffin cells without a prior ganglionic synapse
Q5. How are chromaffin cells typically arranged histologically?
- Keratinized sheets
- Follicles filled with colloid
- Clusters or cords around sinusoidal capillaries
- Long skeletal muscle fascicles
Q6. What is the role of the rich sinusoidal network in the adrenal medulla?
- Storage of urine
- Rapid entry of catecholamines into blood
- Production of cerebrospinal fluid
- Mechanical filtration of lymph
Q7. What is the main venous channel within the adrenal medulla?
- Inferior mesenteric vein
- Renal arcuate vein
- Portal vein
- Central adrenal vein
Q8. Which structural feature is characteristic of the central adrenal vein?
- Longitudinal smooth muscle bundles
- Skeletal muscle valves
- Stratified squamous epithelium
- Cartilage rings
Q9. How does blood from the adrenal cortex influence the medulla?
- It carries urine into the medulla
- It blocks medullary catecholamine synthesis
- It supplies only lymphocytes
- It delivers glucocorticoids to chromaffin cells
Q10. Which enzyme in chromaffin cells is stimulated by high local glucocorticoid concentrations?
- Aldosterone synthase
- Acetylcholinesterase
- Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase
- Renin