Advanced Alveoli Quiz

Q1. What is the function of pores of Kohn in alveoli?

• Allow collateral ventilation
• Anchor alveolar macrophages
• Transport surfactant
• Carry blood between alveoli

Q2. Which protein stabilizes surfactant in alveolar fluid?

• Elastin
• Albumin
• Surfactant protein B
• Collagen type IV

Q3. What is the approximate thickness of the alveolar-capillary membrane?

• 2–3 millimeters
• 0.2–0.6 micrometers
• 5–10 micrometers
• 1 centimeter

Q4. Which molecule in surfactant lowers surface tension most effectively?

• Keratin
• Hemoglobin
• Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC)
• Sodium chloride

Q5. What is the partial pressure of oxygen in alveolar air under normal conditions?

• 200 mmHg
• 60 mmHg
• Approximately 104 mmHg
• 140 mmHg

Q6. How do type II pneumocytes regenerate the alveolar lining?

• They transport red blood cells
• They differentiate into type I cells
• They become alveolar macrophages
• They phagocytose surfactant

Q7. Which factor most significantly impairs gas diffusion in pulmonary fibrosis?

• Thickened alveolar-capillary barrier
• Bronchial obstruction
• Increased airway resistance
• Decreased surfactant volume

Q8. How does high altitude affect alveolar gas exchange?

• Raises alveolar humidity
• Increases air density
• Blocks carbon dioxide release
• Decreases oxygen gradient

Q9. Which law describes the inverse relationship between gas volume and pressure affecting alveolar ventilation?

• Dalton’s law
• Henry’s law
• Fick’s law
• Boyle’s law

Q10. Why is alveolar ventilation more efficient in the lower lungs?

• Higher oxygen concentration at apex
• Better perfusion and ventilation at base
• Presence of more lymphatics
• Greater bronchial diameter