Advanced Kidney Quiz

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This quiz contains 10 questions. Click below to begin.

Q1. What drives the reabsorption of glucose in the proximal tubule?

  • Glucose ATP pumps
  • Aldosterone receptors
  • Sodium-glucose cotransporters (SGLT)
  • Simple diffusion

Q2. What is the primary site of active transport of sodium in the nephron?

  • Proximal tubule
  • Distal tubule
  • Thick ascending limb
  • Collecting duct

Q3. What is the role of mesangial cells in the glomerulus?

  • Produce erythropoietin
  • Secrete aldosterone
  • Support and regulate glomerular filtration
  • Filter red blood cells

Q4. Which structure forms the filtration barrier in the glomerulus?

  • Vasa recta and collecting duct
  • Renal capsule only
  • Endothelium, basement membrane, podocytes
  • Proximal tubule epithelium

Q5. How does angiotensin II affect the efferent arteriole?

  • Reduces blood flow to medulla
  • Dilation of afferent arteriole
  • Constriction of efferent arteriole
  • Increases sodium secretion

Q6. Which segment of the nephron is impermeable to water?

  • Proximal convoluted tubule
  • Thin descending limb
  • Collecting duct
  • Thick ascending limb

Q7. Which hormone stimulates erythropoietin production in the kidneys?

  • Hypoxia-inducible factors
  • ADH
  • Renin
  • Aldosterone

Q8. What is the function of intercalated cells in the collecting duct?

  • Reabsorb glucose
  • Maintain GFR
  • Produce renin
  • Regulate acid-base balance

Q9. What is the effect of sympathetic stimulation on renal blood flow?

  • Reduces renal blood flow
  • Dilates afferent arteriole
  • Enhances aldosterone release directly
  • Increases urine output

Q10. Which layer of Bowman’s capsule is composed of podocytes?

  • Juxtaglomerular apparatus
  • Visceral layer
  • Parietal layer
  • Basement membrane
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