Cubital fossa is the anterior elbow depression housing the brachial artery and median nerve.
The cubital fossa is a triangular anatomical depression located on the anterior aspect of the elbow. It serves as a vital passage for several important neurovascular structures transitioning between the arm and forearm. It is a common site for venipuncture, blood pressure measurement, and arterial access.
Border | Structure |
---|---|
Superior (Base) | Imaginary line between the medial and lateral epicondyles of the humerus |
Medial | Pronator teres muscle |
Lateral | Brachioradialis muscle |
Apex | Where pronator teres and brachioradialis meet inferiorly |
Floor | Brachialis and supinator muscles |
Roof | Skin, superficial fascia (containing veins), bicipital aponeurosis |
Structure | Details |
---|---|
Radial nerve | Lies just under brachioradialis; divides into superficial and deep branches |
Biceps brachii tendon | Centrally located; inserts into radial tuberosity |
Brachial artery | Lies medial to biceps tendon; bifurcates into radial and ulnar arteries |
Median nerve | Most medial structure; passes between heads of pronator teres |
The cubital fossa is more pronounced in bipedal primates like humans due to the upright limb posture. Its triangular configuration and superficial vein layout make it uniquely useful for clinical procedures and non-invasive vascular access.