Mental foramen

The mental foramen, also known as the mental aperture, is a small opening located in the mandible (lower jaw bone).^[3] It serves as the exit point for the mental nerve and vessels, which supply sensation and blood flow to the chin and lower lip.

Structure

The mental foramen is a small, circular opening located on the posterior aspect of the mandible, near the midline of the body. It is typically located at the junction of the mandibular body and ramus, around the region of the third molar (wisdom tooth). The mental foramen is surrounded by a bony rim, which helps to protect the nerve and vessels as they pass through the foramen.^[1]

Location

The mental foramen is located on the posterior aspect of the mandible, near the midline of the body.^[2] It is typically found at the junction of the mandibular body and ramus, around the region of the third molar (wisdom tooth). ^[5]On a lateral (side) view of the mandible, the mental foramen is located just below the second premolar tooth.^[7]

Function

The primary function of the mental foramen is to serve as the exit point for the mental nerve and vessels, which supply sensation and blood flow to the chin and lower lip. ^[4]The mental nerve is a branch of the inferior alveolar nerve, which is a division of the trigeminal nerve (CN V).^[8] The mental nerve carries sensory information from the skin of the chin and lower lip to the brain, allowing us to feel touch and temperature on these areas.^[6] The mental vessels, on the other hand, provide blood flow to the chin and lower lip, helping to nourish and oxygenate the tissues in these regions.